tymeso n



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1. v E. TYMESON.

MOQUETTE FABRIC AND MOQUETTE LOOM. No..571.418. Patented Nov. 17, 1896.

n: "cums mins 00 wow-umu, wAsmucn'ou, o. c

( No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.v

E. TYMESO'N.- MOQUETTE FABRIC AND MOQUETTE LOOM.

No. 571,418 Patented Nov. 17, 1896.

l.) 5 Sheets-Sheet a.

E. TYMESON.

MOQUETTB FABRIC AND MOQUETTE LOOM. No. 571,418. Patented Nov. 17, 1896..

we mums nuns coiwomumon wAsv-uum'omu. c?

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

.E. TYMESONL MOQUBTTE FABRIC AND MOQUETTE LOOM.

No. 571,418. Patented Nov. 17, 1896.

5 Sheets-Sheet 15.

No Model.)

12. TYMESON. MOQUETTE FABRIC AND MOQUETTE LOOM. No. 571,418.

Patented Nov. 17-, 1896.

w: uomus PEYEIIS c q.. mm'auma, WAsMINOTON. u c.

' NITE STATES PATENT FFICE.

EUGENE TYMESON, OF YONKERS, NEWV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO W'ARREN B. SMITH, OFSAME PLACE.

MOQUETTE FABRIC AND IVIOQUETTE-LOONI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 571,418, dated November17, 1896. Application filed April 4,1896. Serial No. 586,166. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it-may concern.-

Be it known that I, EUGENE TYMESON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Yonkers, county of W'estchester, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Moquette Fabrics andMoquette Looms, fully described and represented in the followingspecification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to tufted fabrics and looms for manufacturingtufted fabrics of that class of which the fabric now known as moquettecarpet is an example, this carpet having a body of warp and weft threadsof suitable material, usually jute or hemp, and a face consisting ofrows of'tufts of wool inserted into the body during the formation of thelatter and looped about some of the weft-threads and bound in bytheother weftthreads and warp-threads. Various modes of manufacturing thiscarpet have been used, the number of shots of weft to each row of tuftsvarying from two upward, one or two wefts forming holding-wefts aboutwhich the tufts are looped and the other wefts forming binding or bodywef ts by which, together with the warp-threads, the tufts are securedon the holding-weft and the body or back of the carpet formed. Inprevious fabrics of this class employing two or more binding or bodywefts to each row of tufts one of the bindingwefts lies between the rowsof tufts so as to separate them to some extent, so that while a heavierback is provided than in fabrics having but one binding-weft to each rowof tufts the tufts cannot be beaten up as close as desired, and theresult is a somewhat coarse carpet in which the separation of the rowsof tufts causes the backing to show when the fabric is bent.

The especial object of the present invention is to provide a moquettefabric by which a heavy back shall be secured for the support of thetufts and the tufts firmly bound thereon and at the same time avoid theobjectionable results of the separation of the rows of tufts by aweft-thread. This result is obtained by a weave employing dividing'warpsbetween the binding or body wefts and between the upper binding or bodyweft and the tuft-holding weft in such a manner that the binding or bodywefts to each row of tufts are held and lie in substantially a straightline with the tuft-holding weft, so that the successive rows of tuftsare not separated by a weft, but may be beaten up close together. Thedividin g-warps preferably run straight through the fabric, the samewarp-thread dividing the corresponding wefts throughout, as in thisconstruction the fabric will beat up more closely, but thedividing-warps may be crossed between two rows of tufts, if desired.

The present invention includes also certain features of construction andcombinations in a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, one featureconsisting in the general construction and arrangement of the loom bywhich the binding or body wefts are inserted and woven in so as to lieone upon the other, with one of the binding-wefts lying against the rowof tufts on the tuft-holding weft and the other or others forming theback of the fabric, so that no weft lies between the rows of tufts, asabove described, and a further feature consists in an improvedcomb-and-lay movement especially adapted for use in weaving my improvedfabric.

In weaving my improved fabric and other moquette fabrics, especiallywhen the tufting forming the pile or face is of very heavy material, thecomb which is used for turning the ends of the tufts about theholding-weft is liable to drag part of the tufting material with it asit withdraws from the tufts to permit the binding or body wefts to bebeaten up by the lay, as in the movements heretofore used inmoquette-looms. proved action in such looms by retaining the comb inposition against the tufts during the action of the lay in beating upone or more of the next binding or body wefts inserted, so that thetufts are held by one or more such wefts before the comb is withdrawn.This feature of the invention is of especial value in a loom for weavinga fabric with two bindin g or body wefts arranged as above described,and in such a loom the comb is preferably held against the tufts duringthe insertion of both the binding or body wefts inserted beforethe Isecure an im- 7 next holding-Weft. XVhile eitherof thes e features of myimproved loom may be used without the other, the general loom movementby which the binding or body wefts are woven in being used withoutholding the comb against the tufts, as described, and the latter featurebeing applicable generally in moquette-looms, these two features coactin securing an improved loom, and the invention consists in part oftheir combination.

For a full understanding of the invention a detailed description of theimproved fabric and so much of a loom embodying the apparatus featuresof the invention as is necessary to enable those skilled in the art topractice the invention will now be given in connection with theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, which showall the features of the invention embodied in the preferred form inaloom of common type and in aportion of the fabric in its preferredform, together with a modification of the fabricI In the drawings,Figure 1 is a side elevation of the loom. Figs. 1, 1 and 1 are detailviews showing the inside heddle-cams in correct position, as in Fig. 1.Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the side of the loom opposite that shownin Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section showing especiallymy new comband-lay movement. Figs. 4 and 5 are similar sections showingthe parts in different positions. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail viewshowing the fabric in process of construction by the loom shown in Figs.1 to 5 and corresponding to the position shown in Fig. 3, but with thefabric open to show the construction. Figs. 7 and 7 a show thebinding-warp cams in modified form for varying the order of weaving.Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of the complete fabric in the preferredform as made by the 100111 shown in Figs. 1 to 5, part of the fabricbeing shown with the tufts removed and another part with the threadsseparated for the purpose of illustration. Fig. 9 is a plan view of thefabric with the tufts removed. Fig. 10 is a crosssection of the fabricwith the tufts removed. Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 8 without thetufts, showing a modification.

The fabric will first be described inits preferred form, as shown inFigs. 8 to 10, when the construction and operation of the loom producingit will be more readily understood. In this fabric the warpsare-arranged in sets of four at short intervals apart across the fabric,as usual in moquette fabrics, and two warps in each set of four are usedas dividing-warps and lie, respectively, between the two binding or bodywefts and between the upper binding or body weft and the holding-weft ofeach set of three wefts to a row of tufts, and the other two of each setof four warps are bindingwarps and pass alternately above and below thethree wefts of successive sets of three wefts, so as to bind them andthe dividingwarps together.

a a are the binding-warps, Z) the dividing-warps, c tuft-holding wefts,c c the middle and bottom binding or body wefts, and d the tufts, allthese being shown as of somein this class of fabrics.

what more than actual size of common carpet. The warps are eachpreferably quite small,as shown, and in the spaces between the sets offour warps the tufts are inserted, as common The three wefts c c c ofeach set of three wefts corresponding to a row of tufts, are inclosedwithin a single shed of the binding-warps a G and the upper dividing-warp 1) lies between the tuft-holdin g weft c and the upper binding orbody weft c, and the lower dividing-warp 1) lies between the upper andlower binding or body wefts c 0 the dividing-warps in this form of thefabric running straight through the fabric.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 6, the loom for weaving the fabric,embodying my improved features of loom construction in their preferredform, will be described.

The loom shown is as to its general character similar to those in commonuse for weaving tufted fabrics of this general class and shown in manyprior United States Letters Patent, for instance, Nos. 16,037, 186,374,233,290, 233,291, and 529,636, and as the construction and generaloperation of such looms are well understood it has been shown and willbe described only so far as is necessary in connection with theexplanation of the subject-matter of the present invention.

A is the frame of the loom in which is mounted at the rear end thebinding and dividing warp-rolls X Y, from which the warps are led to theheddles in the usual manner, these binding and dividing warps beingweighted as required,the dividing warps preferably about twice asheavily as the bindingwarps. Four heddles are employed, one for eachwarp of the four warps in the different sets, these heddles beinglettered, respectively, A A B 13 corresponding to the bindingwarps a aand dividing-warps b 6 carried thereby.

The heddles A A B B are actuated by their respective cams 1 2 1 2", soas to secure the opening and closing of the shed, as describedhereinafter, through levers 11, connecting-rods 12, levers 13, and links14, the cams being carried by a sleeve loose on the main shaft S anddriven therefrom at a suitable speed by gears 15, the main shaft S beingdriven from driving'shaft T by gears 16.

Any suitable construction maybe used for inserting the tufts and wefts,but the construction shown is substantially that of my prior patent, No.529,636, so as to require only a general description. The tuft-spools H,having the usual carriages I, and tins for inserting the tufts arecarried by a pair of chains J, forming the spool-carrier, and thetuft-spools are transferred in succession from the chains to the warpfor the insertion of the successive rows of tufts and returned to thecarrier J by transferring-arms K, mounted and actuated to swing in avertical plane .between the chains and warp and horizontally toward andfrom each other to seize and release the spools. The weft-carrierconsists IOC IIO

of the needle R, which is actuated from a cam r on shaft S through lever66, link 67, lever 68,'a11d link 69, so that a very quick movement ofthe needle is secured, the cam 4" being. constructed to actuate lever 66and needle R three times to each complete movement of thetransferring-arms K, so as to in sert three shots of weft or filling toeach row of tufts in proper time for the operation hereinafterdescribed, the needle coacting with a shuttle in raceway 77 and otherparts, as in the Patent No. 529,636, above referred to.

The lay, comb, and cutter construction is substantially the same asshown in my Patent No. 529, 636, above referred to, except that theirrelative movements and timing are changed so as to secure the requiredaction for weaving my new fabric and so as to hold the comb in positionagainst the tufts during the insertion and beating up of the two tuftbinding or body wefts, as above described.

The lay O is carried by arms 42 on a rock shaft 43, actuated by cam 0 onshaft S through lever 44 and link 45 and controlled by stop 46. The combP is carried by arms 47, pivoted on crank-arms 48 on rock-shaft 49, theshaft being spring-pressed in one direc tion and actuated in theopposite direction by cam 19 on shaft S through lever 50, link 51, andcrank-arm 52 on shaft 49, and the comb is raised and lowered by link 53,pivoted thereto and connected to one arm of the bell-crank lever 54,returned by spring 55 and actuated against the tension of the spring bya cam 12 of proper form on shaft S through lever 56 and link 57,connected to the other arm of the bell-crank. The comb P is controlledby an adjustable stop 58.

The operation of the loom will be understood from a brief descriptionwithout a detailed description of the operation of the various parts,except so far as the latter involve novel features, as the operation ofthe various devices in detail is substantially the same as in looms ofthis class heretofore in use and will be clear to those skilled in theart.

Modifications may be made in the order of the insertion of the wefts inweaving the fabric above described, but the loom is shown as insertingthe middle weft c, then the bottom weft c and last the top or holdingweft c in the same shed of the binding-warps. The position in which theparts are shown in the general views, Figs. 1 to 3, is that in which theends of the tufting material on a spool H, brought down from the chainsJ by the transferring-arms K, have been inserted through the warp behindthe wefts c 0 and holdingweft c has been inserted behind the tufts andbeaten up by the lay 0, so that the comb P is just about to be actuatedto turn the ends of the row of tufts through the warp and loop themabout the holding-weft c. In this position of the parts heddle A,carrying bindingwarps ct, is raised, and heddles A B Bcarrying,respectively,binding warp a and dividing-warps b 19 arelowered, and the lay O is just about to be returned to normal positionand the warps to be shifted into central position for the action of thecomb. This row of tufts is the first row and this weft c the first weftin the order of weaving, which is hereinafter given in full. The comb Pis now actuated to carry up the ends of the tufts around theholding-weft c, as usual in such constructions, and the h'eddles arethen shifted into the position shown in Fig. 4:,Wltl1 the heddles A B,carrying,respectively,binding-warp a and dividing-warp I), raised andheddles A B carrying, respectively, bindingwarp a and dividing-warp blowered, and thus change the shed of the binding-warps, and the needle Ris then actuated to insert the middle binding or body weft c for thenext shed of the binding-warps, this being the second weft in the orderof weaving, while the comb P still rests against the tufts and holdsthem looped about the holding-weft c in the previous shed of thebinding-warps, as shown. The lay 0 then heats up this weft 0, While thecomb is still held against the tufts, and the cutters Q Q are actuatedto cut off the tufts, all as shown in Fig. i. The lay O is thenwithdrawn, the transferring arms raised for another spool, and theheddles shifted into the position shown in Fig. 5 by shifting heddle 13up by a full movement, as shownon cam 52* in Fig. 1 the other heddlesremaining stationary, so that heddles A B B carrying, respectively,binding-warp a and dividing-warps b 19 are raised and heddle A, carryingbinding-warp a,lowered. The needle R is then actuated to insert thelower binding or body weft 0 which is the bottom weft in this shed ofthe binding.

warps and the third weft in the order of weav ing, and while the comb Pstill lies against the tufts this weft also is beaten up against thecomb, the lay moving forward from the position, shown in Fig. 5. The layO is then withdrawn, the heddles shifted into middle position, and thecomb withdrawn, the two extra beats of the lay against the tufts whileheld by the comb beating them up so fully that with the binding or bodywefts c c the row of tufts (Z, previously inserted, are held during thewithdrawal of the comb, so as to prevent their being dragged down by thecomb as it returns to its lower. position, (shown in Fig. 3,) eventhough. the tufts be of very heavy material. The transferring-arms .arethen actuated to bring down the next spool, the chains having beenshifted one spool, as usual in such constructions, and the next row oftufts is inserted, which is the second row in the order of weaving, andthe holding-weft c for this row of tufts, which is the fourth weft intheorder of weaving, is inserted by the needle R and beaten up by the lay 0while the comb is in its lower position, as shown and previouslyexplained in connection with Fig. 3, thus completing the three wefts inthis shed of the binding-warps, and the operation first described isrepeated, the shed of the binding-warps being changed so that themovement of the two binding-warps in shedding is reversed.

The full heddle motion is as follows for each two rows of tufts: Firstrow: weft c-warp a up, warps a? Z) Z) down; weft c-warps a Z) up, warpsa Z) down; weft c warps a Z) Z) up, warp a down. Second row: weft cwarpa up, warps a b b down; weft cwarps a Z) up, warps a 5 down; weft cwarps a Z) Z1 up, warp a down.

As above stated,modifications may be made in the order of the insertionof the wefts I in weaving fabric of the form above described, and eitherone of the two wefts c 0 may be put in first, but both are preferablyput in before the holding-weft c in the same shed, the change of thecams for putting in the bottom shot 0 before the middle shot 0 beingreadily made by one skilled in the art. It is possible, however, to putin either the middle or the bottom weft 0 0 then put in the top orholding-weft c, and the tufts, and then open the shed again and slip inthe third weft, cams 1 2 being changed to secure the required heddlemovement, cams 1 2 remaining as shown. In this operation the wefts arenot beaten up by the lay against the comb, but the comb is withdrawnbefore the wefts are beaten up. The form of cams 1 2 and their correctpositions corresponding to Fig. 1 are shown in Figs. 7 and 7. The heddlemotion for thus putting in the middle weft c after the wefts c and ehave been put in the shed is as follows for each two rows of tufts:First row: weft c-warp a up, warps a Z) L down; weft cwarp a Z) up,warps a Z) down; weft c -warps a Z) Zfi up, warp a down. Second row:weft c-warp a up, warps a Z) Z) down; weft c-warps a Z) up, warps a 6down; weft c warps a Z) Z) up, warp a down.

I prefer to run the dividing-warps Z) Z) straight through the fabric, asshown in Figs. 8 to 10, the same dividing-warp thus lying betweencorresponding wefts of the different sets throughout the fabric, as thefabric will thus beat up more closely. As above stated, however, thedividing-warps Z) Z) may be crossed between the row of tufts, as shownin Fig. 11, the heddle motion being correspondingly varied by changingcams 1 2 so as to reverse the motion for crossing the dividingwarps inthe successive sheds, as readily understood by those skilled in the art,cams 1 2 remaining as shown in Figs. 1 and 1, and the heddle motionbeing as follows for each two rows of tufts: First row: weft c warp aup, warps a Z) Z) down; weft cwarps a Z) up, warps a b down; weft cwarps a Z) W up, warp a down. Second row: weft c-warp a up, warps a Z)Z3 down; weft cwarps a Z) up, warps a Z) down; Weft c warps a Z) 6 up,warp a down.

Other modifications in the form of the fabric shown may be made withoutdeparting from the invention, broadly considered, in-

cluding changes in the arrangement of the warps relatively to each otherand to the wefts, as well as the number of warps and wefts employed, andthe invention is not to be limited to the exact fabric shown. Thus it isobvious that a similar fabric with three or more binding or body weftsmay be made by correspondingly increasing the number of dividing-warps,so as to provide a dividingwarp between each two wefts in the successivesheds of the binding-warps. The weaving of such afabric, however, wouldbe slow, and more than two binding or body wefts will hardly berequired, except possibly for some special object requiring a very heavyback. \Vhile the wefts have been shown as each composed of a singlethread, so as to make the illustration of the fabric clearer, it will beunderstood that these wefts may each consist of two or more threads, andin practice double-thread wefts will preferably be used.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that my improvedfabric may be woven in a hand-loom or in a power-loom of any suitableform other than that shown, and that my improved loom movement forweavin g such fabric may be embodied in looms varying widely inconstruction and form of devices used for performing the variousoperations and in which the tufts are inserted by other means than thoseshown, either with or without removing the spools from the spoolcarrier.

The term moquette used herein means and is intended to cover all carpetsor other fabrics having rows of tufts inserted in the body and loopedabout some of the weftthreads.

\V hat is claimed is- 1. A moquette fabric having a tuft-holdin g weftand a plurality of tuft-binding or body wefts to each row of tuftswithin a single shed of some of the warps and with the binding or bodywefts separated from each other and from the tuft-holding weft by otherwarps, substantially as described.

2. A moquette fabric having the warps arranged in sets of binding anddividing warps, and having a tuft-holding weft and a plurality oftuft-binding or body wefts to each row of tufts within a single shed ofthe binding-warps and with the binding or body wefts separated from eachother and from the tuft-holding weft by the dividing-warps,substantially as described.

3. A moquette fabric having the warps arranged in sets of binding anddividing warps, and having a tuft-holding weft and a plurality oftuft-binding or body wefts to each row of tufts within a single shed ofthe binding-warps and with the binding or body wefts separated from eachother and from the tuft-holding weft by the dividing-warps, saiddividingwarps running straight through the fabric so as to lie betweencorresponding wefts for the successive rows of tufts, substantially asdescribed.

4. A moqnette fabric having binding and dividing warps and having a rowof tufts for each three wefts, and having the three wefts for each rowof tufts within a single shed of the binding-warps and consisting of atuftholding and two tuft-binding or body wefts with the binding or bodywefts separated from each other and from the tuft-holding weft bydividing-warps, substantially as described.

5. In a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with meansfor inserting the tufts, a weft-carrier, and warpheddles, of means foractuating the weft-carrier and heddles to insert a tuft-holding weft anda plurality of tuft-binding or body wefts to each row of tufts within asingle shed and to shift the warps to form a single shed of some of thewarps inclosing all of said wefts and to sepa rate each of said weftsfrom the other wefts by other warps, substantially as described.

(3. In a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with meansfor inserting the tufts, a weft-carrier, and binding and dividingwarp-heddles, of means for actuating the weft-carrier and heddles toinsert a tuft-holding weft and two tuft-binding or body wefts to eachrow of tufts within a single shed and to shift the binding warps to forma single shed inclosing all of said wefts and to shift thedividing-warps to separate each of said wefts from the other wefts,substantially as described.

7 I11 a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with meansfor inserting the tufts, a weft-carrier, lay, comb,'and warp-heddles, ofmeans for actuating the weft-carrier and heddles to insert atuft-holding weft and a plurality of tuft-binding or body .wefts to eachrow of tufts within a single shed and to shift the warps to form asingle shed of some of the warps inclosing all of said wefts and toseparate each of said wefts from the other wefts by other warps andmeans for operatin g the lay and comb to hold the comb against thesuccessive rows of tufts during the insertion'and beating up of one ormore binding or body wefts, and to beat up one or more binding or bodywefts against the comb substantially as described.

8. In a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with meansfor inserting the tufts, a weft-carrier, lay, comb, and binding anddividing warp-heddles, of means for actuatin g the weft-carrier andheddles to-insert a tuft-holding weft and two tuft-binding or body weftsto each row of tufts and to shift the binding-warps to form a singleshed inclosing all of said wefts and to shift the dividing-warps toseparate each of said wefts from the other wefts, and means foroperating the lay and comb to hold the comb against the successive rowsof tufts during the insertion and beating up of two binding or bodywefts, and to beat up each of said two binding or body wefts against thecomb substantially as described.

9. In aloom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with the lay,comb, weft-carrier,heddles and means for inserting the tufts, of meansfor actuating the heddles and weftcarrier, and means for actuating thelay and comb to hold the comb against the successive rows of tuftsduring the insertion and beating up of one or more tuft-binding or bodywefts and to beat up one or more tuft binding or body wefts against thecomb, substantially as described.

10. In a loom for weaving moquette fabrics, the combination with thelay, comb, weft-can rier,heddles, and means for inserting the tufts, ofmeans for actuating theheddles and weftcarrier to insert a tuft-holdingweft and. two tuft-binding orbody wefts to each row of tufts, andmeansfor actuating the lay and comb to hold the comb against thesuccessiverows of tufts during the insertion and beating up of one ormore tuft-binding or body wefts, and to beat up one or more tuft-bindingor body wefts against thecomb substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EUGENE TYMESON.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR LAND, J AS. F. VAN VARICK.

